Pyrenees

Pollen analysis of the sedimentary record of Lake Burg (Pyrenees, Spain) indicates a significant climatic oscillation during the Holocene, which, in addition to determining plant development, played a fundamental role in the development of anthropic activities and in human occupation of the High Pyrenees. This analysis has also been used to show how different degrees of human perturbation have repeatedly modified the environment. It is therefore not possible to study the current dynamics of the vegetation landscape without taking into account the combined effect of past human impacts responsible for its evolution. Consequently, when vegetation proxies, such as pollen or charcoal, are used to study climate change, it is also necessary to consider human influence as a distorting factor of the climate signal.L'anàlisi pol·línica del testimoni sedimentari de l'estany de Burg (Pirineus, Espanya) ha permès posar de manifest una important oscil·lació climàtica durant l'Holocè, ...

A new structural map of the Paleozoic crust of the Pyrenees based on an extensive compilation and new kinematic data allows for the evaluation of the mechanical coupling between the upper and lower crust of the abnormally hot foreland of the Variscan orogen of SW Europe. We document partitioning between coeval lower crustal lateral flow and upper crustal thickening between 310 and 290 Ma under an overall dextral transpressive regime. Partitioning also involved syn-convergence transtensional gneiss domes emplacement during this period. Late orogen-normal shortening of the domes and strain localization in steep crustal-scale transpressive shear zones reflects increasing coupling between the lower crust and the upper crust. The combination of dextral transpression and eastward flow in the Pyrenees results from the shortening and lateral escape of a hot buoyant crust along the inner northern limb of the closing Cantabrian orocline at the core of the Iberian-Armorican arc between ca. 305...

In the southeastern Ebro Foreland Basin, the marine deposits of Lutetian and Bartonian age show excellent outcrop conditions, with a great lateral and horizontal continuity of lithostratigraphic units. In addition, the rich fossil record -mainly larger foraminifers-, provides iostratigraphic data of regional relevance for the whole Paleogene Pyrenean Basin, that can be used for the Middle Eocene biocorrelation of the western Tethys. This contribution is a sedimentary and biostratigraphic synthesis of the basic outcrops and sections of the Lutetian and Bartonian marine and transitional deposits in the southeastern sector of the Ebro Foreland Basin.

On 8th February 1996, in the north-western part of Andorra in the Pyrenees, the Les Fonts d’Arinsal (LFd’A) pure powder avalanche was triggered, descending some 1200 m to the bottom of the Arinsal valley and continuing up the opposite slope for about 200 m. This size 4–5 avalanche reached velocities of up to 80 ms−1, devastated 18 ha of forest, involved a minimum volume of up to 1.8 × 106 m−3 and caused major damage to eight buildings. Fortunately, no one was injured thanks to an evacuation, but 322 people lost their properties. This study describes the physical characteristics of the LFd’A avalanche path and provides data on earlier avalanches, the meteorological synoptic situation and snowpack conditions that generated the avalanche episode, the warning and preventive actions carried out, the effects and evidence of the large avalanche, and the defence system implemented afterwards. A discussion of the avalanche dynamics based on observations and damage, including the role of snow...

Quartz veins hosted in the infra and overlying series to the (Sardic) Upper Ordovician Unconformity provide new insights into the structural and thermal evolution of the pre-Variscan rocks of the Eastern Pyrenees. In the La Molina area (Canigó massif), two generations of metric quartz veins (V1 and V2) are distinguished by their distribution patterns and their relationships to the deformational macro, meso, and microstructures. P-T formation conditions are obtained by combining chlorite geothermometry and fluid inclusion microthermometry data. Discrepancy on formation temperature for chlorites located at different positions within the veins are discussed, concluding that veins grew in a low fluid/rock ratio regime. V1 veins can be related to the Late Ordovician syn-sedimentary faulting episode as revealed by their distribution patterns, formation mechanisms, and fluid-rock interactions. We propose an Alpine age for the V2 veins, based on their structure and the emplacement condition...

Red Ereño is a red-stained ornamental and construction limestone with characteristic white fossil shells. Although exploited since Roman times, marketed worldwide and that the rock itself and its outcrop areas have been included in geological heritage inventories, the origin of its characteristic reddish colour remained unresolved. The aim of this work is to deepen the scientific knowledge of Red Ereño as a basis for understanding the characteristics of this stone and to make this information available for geoconservation actions. The mineralogical and petrological study, mainly based on optical and electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and rock magnetism and paleomagnetic techniques, concluded that the red-staining mineral is pigmentary hematite. Moreover, the analysis stated that hematite precipitated after sedimentation but prior to burial diagenesis and before alpine inversion. Based on palaeomagnetic studies, it can be stated that mineralisation occurred during the Late Creta...

Conclusions El tipus de vida actual, en qué els cultius es fan L'estudi aerobiologic de Catalunya s'está duent a terme dins un projecte de per grans extensions i les collites s'emmagatzemen per grans quantitats, igual que qualsevol altre tipus de materials que són hábitats de fongs (teixits, paper, aliments...), facilita enormement el creixement deis fongs i la proliferació de les seves espores. Agraiments

En el present article ens volem fixar en un aspecte que creiem que és
central per entendre com arriba la modernitat a la Cerdanya, la cultura.
Amb aquest objectiu, intentarem esbossar les dinàmiques que es produeixen en aquest període a partir de l’anàlisi de tres processos d’intercanvi cultural que impliquen tant forans com locals de tots els estrats socials. Per una banda destacarem la importància dels fills de la Cerdanya establerts a la ciutat que actuen de pont entre la seva terra i els seus contactes urbans.
També ens fixarem en la proliferació dels nous espais de sociabilitat popular que aixopluguen intercanvis culturals i polítics, i finalment, posarem en relleu la importància d’intel·lectuals locals que recepcionen i canalitzen la influència cultural i la transformen en progrés per a la comarca.

Ce programme collectif de recherche part du constat que, globalement, l’habitat rural antique de la moyenne montagne reste largement méconnu. Ce milieu géographique spécifique n’est pas complètement inexploré mais il n’a pu bénéficier de l’essor récent de l’archéologie préventive, particulièrement en milieu rural. La Corrèze apparaît comme un laboratoire d’étude particulièrement propice car le corpus des occupations antiques s’étoffe régulièrement ces dernières années du fait d’une forte acti..

Background Infectious keratoconjunctivitis (IKC) is a clinical condition affecting eyes of domestic and wild Caprinae worldwide, and Mycoplasma conjunctivae is considered the primary causative agent of IKC in sheep, goats and wild Caprinae. Domestic ruminants from high mountain habitats share grazing areas with wild mountain ungulates, such as chamois (Rupicapra spp.), Alpine ibex (Capra ibex) and European mouflon (Ovis aries musimon), and domestic sheep seem to act as M. conjunctivae reservoir. In this study, the presence of M. conjunctivae in domestic sheep and goats from the two main mountain ranges of Northern Spain, the Pyrenees and the Cantabrian Mountains, has been investigated. Results Eye swabs were obtained from 439 domestic small ruminants selected from flocks that seasonally graze in alpine meadows during three consecutive years (2011-2012-2013). Seventy-nine out of the 378 domestic sheep (20.9%) tested positive to a M. conjunctivae specific real time-PCR (rt-PCR) in at ...

espanolLa Plana de Vic, situada hacia el sector NE de la Cuenca del Ebro, se caracteriza por un espeso apilamiento de materiales marinos que fueron acumulados principalmente durante el Paleogeno. Sobre una discordancia desarrollada sobre el basamento paleozoico se acumularon materiales aluviales distales de granulometria fina (Taneciense) que quedaron recubiertos por una delgada cuna marina (Ilerdiense). Encima existen materiales aluviales distales de granulometria fina que pasan gradualmente a otros de granulometria gruesa, que en su parte superior muestran intercalaciones de areniscas y carbonatos con Nummulites y Assilina (Luteciense). Posteriormente, se depositaron lutitas de offshore que soportaron la progradacion de materiales arenosos costeros. En la parte central de la cuenca siguio la acumulacion de lutitas (Bartoniense) que a su vez fueron afectadas por progradaciones deltaicas en los sectores meridionales y septentrionales. A techo de algunos cuerpos deltaicos se deposita...

The hydrological behaviour of two basins affected by a forest fire. The different percentage of burnt surface in both areas is translated in a different hydrological behaviour, analysed through the discharge hydrograms and a comparative statistical analysis. In the burnt catchment area, the hydrological response to the precipitation is bigger and faster than in the other basin, in relation to a greater superficial runoff and a smaller infiltration rate (mean runoff coefficients: 10% compared to the 4.8% obtained at the non-burnt catchment).

Organizado por: GRAMPO: Grup de Recerques Arqueològiques al Mediterrani i Pròxim Orient. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona PREMEDOC: Grup de Recerca de Prehistòria del Mediterràni Occidental. Universitat de València Servei d'Arqueologia. Ajuntament de Barcelona. Con la colaboración de: Museu d'Història de Barcelona. Ajuntament de BarcelonaDesde hace poco tiempo en el estudio sobre los orígenes de las primeras sociedades agrícolas en el Mediterráneo Occidental se ha generado un amplio debate en torno a la filiación y características culturales de los primeros grupos que practican una economía de subsistencia. En este contexto encuentra sentido la discusión sobre la presencia en la península Ibérica un momento relacionable con la denominada Impressa-Ligur presente en diferentes regiones del arco Ligur Provenzal. Este volumen, fruto de una reunión científica, reúne información actualizada sobre la posible presencia de estos contextos cerámicos en torno a la mitad del VI milenio...

Desde su nacimiento hace 25 años, el objetivo principal de la serie Congresos sobre el Neolítico en la Península Ibérica ha sido la puesta al día de los más recientes trabajos de investigación llevados a cabo sobre el Neolítico, época de especiales y profundas transformaciones en el devenir de la Prehistoria euroasiática. Los foros de estas reuniones periódicas han servido también como cauce transmisor fundamental de los datos adquiridos en las últimas intervenciones arqueológicas y estudios de campo en general. La trayectoria hasta ahora desarrollada ha conseguido un avance del conocimiento importante, que a día de hoy cuenta con una riqueza de perspectivas científicas de gran repercusión a la hora de emprender nuevas propuestas interpretativas y proyectos renovados de investigación. Todo ello está permitiendo comprender mejor los cambios acontecidos en la península ibérica a lo largo del Neolítico, desde las primeras poblaciones de agricultores y ganaderos del VI milenio hasta las sociedades más complejas del IV milenio a.C. Las Actas del VII Congreso sobre el Neolítico en la península ibérica compilan el novedoso conocimiento desarrollado durante los últimos años por parte de casi una centena y media de especialistas. Están estructuradas en seis bloques temáticos que representan apropiadamente el panorama de la arqueología neolítica peninsular a día de hoy: 1) Nuevos sitios y secuencias: estratigrafía, sedimentología y dataciones; 2) Tecnología e intercambio: relaciones inter e intracomunitarias; 3) Simbolismo: arte rupestre, mundo funerario, cosmovisiones; 4) Paisajes neolíticos: paleoambiente, agricultura y ganadería; 5) Cambios culturales: nuevos datos y aproximaciones sobre la transición Neolítico Antiguo-Medio; y 6) IV milenio A.C.: Neolítico Final. Por todo ello, estas Actas pueden considerarse pues el canal óptimo para acercarse al estado actual de la cuestión del Neolítico peninsular, no sólo para arqueólogos versados en la materia sino también para principiantes y estudiantes que quieran introducirse en ella.

A synthetic stratigraphic succession of те Upper Silurian Llessui Formation is established according to partial sections and conodont sampling. The lower part of the formation is considered Ludlow, while the uppermost Pŕídolí conodont O. е. detortus Zone ...

The direction and magnitude of long-term changes in local plant species richness are highly variable among studies, while species turnover is ubiquitous. However, it is unknown whether the nature of species turnover is idiosyncratic or whether certain types of species are consistently gained or lost across different habitats. To address this question, we analyzed the trajectories of 1,827 vascular plant species over time intervals of up to 78 years at 141 sites in three habitats in Europe – mountain summits, forests, and lowland grasslands. Consistent across all habitats, we found that plant species with small geographic ranges tended to be replaced by species with large ranges, despite habitat-specific trends in species richness. Our results point to a predictable component of species turnover, likely explained by aspects of species’ niches correlated with geographic range size. Species with larger ranges tend to be associated with nutrient-rich sites and we found community composi...